sa5209

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INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
SA5209
Wideband variable gain amplifier
Product specification
Replaces data of 1990 Aug 20
1997 Nov 07
IC17 Data Handbook
Philips Semiconductors
Philips Semiconductors
Product specification
Wideband variable gain amplifier
SA5209
DESCRIPTION
The SA5209 represents a breakthrough in monolithic amplifier
design featuring several innovations. This unique design has
combined the advantages of a high speed bipolar process with the
proven Gilbert architecture.
The SA5209 is a linear broadband RF amplifier whose gain is
controlled by a single DC voltage. The amplifier runs off a single 5
volt supply and consumes only 40mA. The amplifier has high
impedance (1k
PIN CONFIGURATION
N, D PACKAGES
V
CC1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
16
15
V
CC2
GND
1
GND
2
IN
A
14
OUT
A
differential.
Therefore, the 5209 can simultaneously perform AGC, impedance
transformation, and the balun functions.
The dynamic range is excellent over a wide range of gain setting.
Furthermore, the noise performance degrades at a comparatively
slow rate as the gain is reduced. This is an important feature when
building linear AGC systems.
W
) differential inputs. The output is 50
W
GND
1
13
GND
2
IN
B
GND
1
V
BG
V
AGC
12
OUT
B
11
GND
2
10
GND
2
GND
2
9
SR00237
Figure 1. Pin Configuration
FEATURES
•
Gain to 1.5GHz
APPLICATIONS
•
•
850MHz bandwidth
Linear AGC systems
•
High impedance differential input
•
Very linear AM modulator
•
50
W
differential output
•
RF balun
•
Single 5V power supply
•
Cable TV multi-purpose amplifier
•
0 - 1V gain control pin
•
Fiber optic AGC
•
>60dB gain control range at 200MHz
•
RADAR
•
26dB maximum gain differential
•
User programmable fixed gain block
•
Exceptional V
CONTROL
/ V
GAIN
linearity
•
Video
•
7dB noise figure minimum
•
Satellite receivers
•
Full ESD protection
•
Cellular communications
•
Easily cascadable
ORDERING INFORMATION
DESCRIPTION
TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORDER CODE
DWG #
16-Pin Plastic Small Outline (SO) package
-40 to +85
°
C
SA5209D
SOT109-1
16-Pin Plastic Dual In-Line Package (DIP)
-40 to +85
°
C
SA5209N
SOT38-4
1997 Nov 07
2
853-1453 18663
Philips Semiconductors
Product specification
Wideband variable gain amplifier
SA5209
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
RATING
UNITS
V
CC
Supply voltage
-0.5 to +8.0
V
P
D
Power dissipation, T
A
= 25
o
C (still air)
1
16-Pin Plastic DIP
16-Pin Plastic SO
1450
1100
mW
mW
T
JMAX
Maximum operating junction temperature
150
°
C
T
STG
Storage temperature range
-65 to +150
°
C
NOTES:
1. Maximum dissipation is determined by the operating ambient temperature and the thermal resistance,
q
JA
:
16-Pin DIP:
q
JA
= 85
°
C/W
16-Pin SO:
q
JA
= 110
°
C/W
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
RATING
UNITS
V
CC
Supply voltage
V
CC1
= V
CC2
= 4.5 to 7.0V
V
T
A
Operating ambient temperature range
SA Grade
-40 to +85
°
C
T
J
Operating junction temperature range
SA Grade
-40 to +105
°
C
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
T
A
= 25
o
C, V
CC1
= V
CC2
= +5V, V
AGC
= 1.0V, unless otherwise specified.
LIMITS
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
UNIT
MIN
TYP
MAX
DC tested
38
43
48
I
CC
Supply current
mA
I
CC
mA
Over temperature
1
30
55
DC tested, R
L
= 10k
W
17
19
21
A
Voltage gain (single-ended in/single-ended out)
dB
A
V
dB
Over temperature
1
16
22
DC tested, R
L
= 10k
W
23
25
27
A
Voltage gain (single-ended in/differential out)
dB
A
V
dB
Over temperature
1
22
28
DC tested at
±
50
m
A
0.9
1.2
1.5
R
IN
Input resistance (single-ended)
k
W
R
IN
k
W
Over temperature
1
0.8
1.7
DC tested at
±
1mA
40
60
75
Output resistance (single-ended)
R
OUT
W
W
Over temperature
1
35
90
+
20
±
100
V
OS
Output offset voltage (output referred)
mV
V
OS
mV
Over temperature
1
±
250
1.6
2.0
2.4
V
IN
DC level on inputs
V
V
IN
V
Over temperature
1
1.4
2.6
1.9
2.4
2.9
V
OUT
DC level on outputs
V
V
OUT
V
Over temperature
1
1.7
3.1
Output offset supply rejection ratio
20
45
PSRR
dB
PSRR
dB
(output referred)
Over temperature
1
15
4.5V<V
CC
<7V
R
BG
= 10k
W
1.2
1.32
1.45
V
BG
Bandgap reference voltage
V
BG
Over temperature
1
1.1
1.55
1997 Nov 07
3
TEST CONDITIONS
Supply current
Voltage gain (single ended in/single ended out)
Voltage gain (single ended in/differential out)
In ut resistance (single-ended)
Out ut resistance (single-ended)
R
OUT
Out ut offset voltage (out ut referred)
DC level on in uts
DC level on out uts
Philips Semiconductors
Product specification
Wideband variable gain amplifier
SA5209
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
T
A
= 25
o
C, V
CC1
= V
CC2
= +5.0V, V
AGC
= 1.0V, unless otherwise specified.
LIMITS
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
UNIT
MIN
TYP
MAX
R
BG
Bandgap loading
Over temperature
1
2
10
k
W
V
AGC
AGC DC control voltage range
Over temperature
1
0-1.3
V
0V<V
AGC
<1.3V
-0.7
-6
AGC pin DC bias current
I
BAGC
m
A
m
A
Over temperature
1
-10
NOTES:
1. “Over Temperature Range” testing is as follows:
SA is -40 to +85
C
At the time of this data sheet release, the D package over-temperature data sheet limits are guaranteed via guardbanded room temperature
testing only.
°
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
T
A
= 25
o
C, V
CC1
= V
CC2
= +5.0V, V
AGC
= 1.0V, unless otherwise specified.
LIMITS
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
UNIT
MIN
TYP
MAX
600
850
BW
-3dB bandwidth
MHz
BW
MHz
Over temperature
1
500
DC - 500MHz
+0.4
GF
Gain flatness
dB
GF
dB
Over temperature
1
+
0.6
V
IMAX
Maximum input voltage swing (single-ended) for
linear operation
2
200
mV
P-P
Maximum output voltage swing (single-ended)
R
L
= 50
W
400
mV
P-P
V
OMAX
V
OMAX
for linear operation
2
R
L
= 1k
W
1.9
V
P-P
NF
Noise figure (unmatched configuration)
R
S
= 50
W
, f = 50MHz
9.3
dB
V
IN-EQ
Equivalent input noise voltage spectral density
f = 100MHz
2.5
nV/
/
Hz
S12
Reverse isolation
f = 100MHz
-60
dB
D
G/
D
V
CC
Gain supply sensitivity (single-ended)
0.3
dB/V
D
G/
D
T
Gain temperature sensitivity
R
L
= 50
W
0.013
dB/
°
C
C
IN
Input capacitance (single-ended)
2
pF
BW
AGC
-3dB bandwidth of gain control function
20
MHz
P
O-1dB
1dB gain compression point at output
f = 100MHz
-3
dBm
P
I-1dB
1dB gain compression point at input
f = 100MHz, V
AGC
=0.1V
-10
dBm
IP3
OUT
Third-order intercept point at output
f = 100MHz, V
AGC
>0.5V
+13
dBm
IP3
IN
Third-order intercept point at input
f = 100MHz, V
AGC
<0.5V
+5
dBm
D
G
AB
Gain match output A to output B
f = 100MHz, V
AGC
= 1V
0.1
dB
NOTE:
1. “Over Temperature Range” testing is as follows:
SA is -40 to +85
°
C
At the time of this data sheet release, the D package over-temperature data sheet limits are guaranteed via guardbanded room temperature
testing only.
2. With R
L
> 1k
W
, overload occurs at input for single-ended gain < 13dB and at output for single-ended gain > 13dB. With R
L
= 50
W
, overload
occurs at input for single-ended gain < 6dB and at output for single-ended gain > 6dB.
1997 Nov 07
4
TEST CONDITIONS
AGC in DC bias current
I
BAGC
TEST CONDITIONS
-3dB bandwidth
Gain flatness
Philips Semiconductors
Product specification
Wideband variable gain amplifier
SA5209
SA5209 APPLICATIONS
The SA5209 is a wideband variable gain amplifier (VGA) circuit
which finds many applications in the RF, IF and video signal
processing areas. This application note describes the operation of
the circuit and several applications of the VGA. The simplified
equivalent schematic of the VGA is shown in Figure 2. Transistors
Q1-Q6 form the wideband Gilbert multiplier input stage which is
biased by current source I1. The top differential pairs are biased
from a buffered and level-shifted signal derived from the V
AGC
input
and the RF input appears at the lower differential pair. The circuit
topology and layout offer low input noise and wide bandwidth. The
second stage is a differential transimpedance stage with current
feedback which maintains the wide bandwidth of the input stage.
The output stage is a pair of emitter followers with 50
W
output
impedance. There is also an on-chip bandgap reference with
buffered output at 1.3V, which can be used to derive the gain control
voltage.
Both the inputs and outputs should be capacitor coupled or DC
isolated from the signal sources and loads. Furthermore, the two
inputs should be DC isolated from each other and the two outputs
should likewise be DC isolated from each other. The SA5209 was
designed to provide optimum performance from a 5V power source.
However, there is some range around this value (4.5 - 7V) that can
be used.
The input impedance is about 1k
gain. The 5209 has about a 1.2dB noise figure degradation for
each 2dB gain reduction. With the input matched for optimum gain,
the 8dB noise figure at 23dB gain will degrade to about a 20dB
noise figure at 0dB gain.
The SA5209 also displays excellent linearity between voltage gain
and control voltage. Indeed, the relationship is of sufficient linearity
that high fidelity AM modulation is possible using the SA5209. A
maximum control voltage frequency of about 20MHz permits video
baseband sources for AM.
. The main advantage to a
differential input configuration is to provide the balun function.
Otherwise, there is an advantage to common mode rejection, a
specification that is not normally important to RF designs. The
source impedance can be chosen for two different performance
characteristics: Gain, or noise performance. Gain optimization will
be realized if the input impedance is matched to about 1k
W
. A 4:1
balun will provide such a broadband match from a 50
W
source.
Noise performance will be optimized if the input impedance is
matched to about 200
W
. A 2:1 balun will provide such a broadband
match from a 50
W
source. The minimum noise figure can then be
expected to be about 7dB. Maximum gain will be about 23dB for a
single-ended output. If the differential output is used and properly
matched, nearly 30dB can be realized. With gain optimization, the
noise figure will degrade to about 8dB. With no matching unit at the
input, a 9dB noise figure can be expected from a 50
W
A stabilized bandgap reference voltage is made available on the
SA5209 (Pin 7). For fixed gain applications this voltage can be
resistor divided, and then fed to the gain control terminal (Pin 8).
Using the bandgap voltage reference for gain control produces very
stable gain characteristics over wide temperature ranges. The gain
setting resistors are not part of the RF signal path, and thus stray
capacitance here is not important.
The wide bandwidth and excellent gain control linearity make the
SA5209 VGA ideally suited for the automatic gain control (AGC)
function in RF and IF processing in cellular radio base stations,
Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS) decoders, cable TV systems, fiber
optic receivers for wideband data and video, and other radio
communication applications. A typical AGC configuration using the
SA5209 is shown in Figure 3. Three SA5209s are cascaded with
appropriate AC coupling capacitors. The output of the final stage
drives the full-wave rectifier composed of two UHF Schottky diodes
BAT17 as shown. The diodes are biased by R1 and R2 to V
CC
such
that a quiescent current of about 2mA in each leg is achieved. An
SA5230 low voltage op amp is used as an integrator which drives
the V
AGC
pin on all three SA5209s. R3 and C3 filter the high
frequency ripple from the full-wave rectified signal. A voltage
divider is used to generate the reference for the non-inverting input
of the op amp at about 1.7V. Keeping D3 the same type as D1 and
D2 will provide a first order compensation for the change in Schottky
voltage over the operating temperature range and improve the AGC
performance. R6 is a variable resistor for adjustments to the op
amp reference voltage. In low cost and large volume applications
this could be replaced with a fixed resistor, which would result in a
slight loss of the AGC dynamic range. Cascading three SA5209s
will give a dynamic range in excess of 60dB.
The SA5209 is a very user-friendly part and will not oscillate in most
applications. However, in an application such as with gains in
excess of 60dB and bandwidth beyond 100MHz, good PC board
layout with proper supply decoupling is strongly recommended.
source. If the
source is terminated, the noise figure will increase to about 15dB.
All these noise figures will occur at maximum gain.
The SA5209 has an excellent noise figure vs gain relationship. With
any VGA circuit, the noise performance will degrade with decreasing
W
V
CC
R
3
R
1
R
2
A1
Q
7
Q
8
OUT
B
OUT
A
Q
1
Q
2
Q
3
Q
4
50
50
W
R
4
I
2
I
3
V
AGC
0–1V
+
Q
5
Q
6
IN
B
–
IN
A
BANDGAP
REFERENCE
V
BG
I
1
SR00238
Figure 2. Equivalent Schematic of the VGA
1997 Nov 07
5
W
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